SOCIAL RISK

Each bubble is the social tension of a country: more AI and robots, more people replaced, more tension, sooner in developed countries than in the others. Where the country is already tense today (World Bank index of political stability) the same replacement weighs more, as in a sounding board. Tension grows slowly while only AI is at work and speeds up once robots enter. The United States are shown state by state, China, Russia, Canada, Australia, Brazil and India by large city. Everything is measured as the increase since the start month: red dots are new AI users, yellow dots work taken by robots.
Jan 2026
Social tension of the country New AI users Robots

Advanced economies

New AI users
Work taken by robots
Work taken by AI

Emerging economies

New AI users
Work taken by robots
Work taken by AI

Low-income countries

New AI users
Work taken by robots
Work taken by AI
CountryTensionNew AI users

Where the numbers come from. Weight of each country: World Bank, Worldwide Governance Indicators, Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism, 2024, brought to a 0–100 scale (higher means less stable). People using AI: Our World in Data from Microsoft’s AI Economy Institute, share of the working-age population, observed until March 2026; after that it grows along the book’s adoption curve up to the share of employment exposed to AI in the region (60% advanced, 40% emerging, 26% low-income, IMF, chapter 6). Work taken by AI and by robots: share of the work of the nineteen occupations of Table 65 taken over, weighted by employment. It counts the work taken, not net unemployment: in the economy model part of it comes back as new work, but the people who lose a job are still there. Social tension: work taken by AI and robots in the region (the nineteen occupations of Table 65, weighted by employment, in percentage points since the start month), shared among its countries by how much AI and robots they take up (people using AI plus robots, over the regional average), multiplied by 1 + 0.5 × starting risk / 100: up to half more in the least stable country, never enough to overturn much more replacement. Pace: until robots enter the work of the region tension grows at a quarter of that speed, at full speed once robots take 3 percentage points of the work (around 2033 in advanced economies, 2037 in emerging ones, 2041 in low-income countries). The nineteen occupations are scaled by the share of employment exposed in the region (60% advanced, 40% emerging, 26% low-income, chapter 6): fewer exposed jobs, fewer people replaced. United States by state: the nineteen occupations weighted by the employment of each state (BLS, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, May 2024). China, Russia, Canada, Australia, Brazil and India by large city: there are no comparable data on occupations by city, so every city carries the value of its country. Dots and numbers show the increase since the start month, in percentage points.

What the page does not do. It does not forecast unrest: the book has no estimated link between lost work and unrest (chapter 17), so the sounding-board factor is the author’s rule, not a measured coefficient. The economy model has three regions; AI use and starting risk are country by country, robots by region. Places with fewer than 6 inhabitants per km² (World Bank population and land area), New Caledonia, small islands (island states under a million people) and, among the US states, Alaska and Hawaii have no bubble; the large countries stay, by state or by large city: they are only in the country grid.